How China attained regional economic dominance by the first century up Essay

How China attained regional economic dominance by the first century up to the fifteenth century C. E - Essay Example How China attained regional economic dominance by the first century up to the fifteenth century C. E.? This paper examines, explores, and discusses how China attained regional economic dominance by the first century up to the fifteenth century C. E. but then suddenly and almost inexplicably went into decline afterwards, and got conquered by the Western colonial powers. In other words, a perceived and nascent global power became weak instead of continuing its remarkable trajectory of both growth and dominance: economically, politically, and militarily. Historians generally concede China was a dominant power for eighteen of the last twenty or so centuries and is now out to regain its lost glory with an unprecedented rate of growth. China today has the world's continuously existing civilization, dating back to at least 5,000 years ago, although it is admittedly not the world's first civilization to have sprung up. That distinction belongs to the Sumerian civilization in the Middle East near modern-day Iraq, and there were also other older civilizations like the Egyptian, Greek, and Indian civilizations but these much earlier civilizations no longer exist. Chinese civilization is a very unique one because it developed independently on its own, without any outside or external influences. It is manifested in its discoveries and inventions which rank being among the world's firsts such as paper, ink, gunpowder, and most of all, its inherently difficult system of writing with its use of characters in Chinese calligraphy. Linguists are gen erally agreed it is the most difficult language to learn. China developed the first currency in the form of coins and paper money, the first bureaucracy in civil service to manage a vast empire, and a strong navy but it was essentially a land power. The chief reason why China declined was the rot from within. Discussion An empire can grow to a certain size, after which it becomes unmanageable due to its sheer size. Problems of administration, control, tax collection, and imposition of a certain cultural mindset can be unwieldy for its rulers. Sooner or later, conquered people will start to agitate for reforms and freedom from imperial rule, especially if it is an oppressive rule. This had been the problem with the Chinese empire, after it was unified by Emperor Shihuang Ti (259-210 B. C. E.) after he defeated all the local warlords. As the first and foremost emperor of the Qin dynasty, he introduced a lot of reforms which expanded and strengthened the vast territories under his cont rol. He imposed and adopted the Legalistic principles as a foundation of his dynastic rule, in which laws were imposed without exceptions, because the empire then was composed of many ethnicities and rule would be difficult otherwise. However, his dynasty that was supposed to last 10,000 generations did not survive; it lasted just four years after his death, as his successors were weak and got deposed. During his time, he imposed high taxes on the people, which discouraged farmers from tilling the land as they could no longer afford to pay those taxes. He embarked on many grandiose projects that drained the state coffers, plus the cost of maintenance of a large army to protect its frontiers. Similar to the Late Roman Empire (circa 250-450 C. E.), the Chinese elites did not produce at all but relied on taxation to maintain and subsidize their opulent lifestyles. A number of causes, both internal and external, can threaten and weaken an empire; in the case of China, it was internal de cay, as subsequent rulers did not take advantage of the so-called â€Å"geographical pivot of history† with its strategic location in the central Euro-Asian landmass (Mackinder 28). It could have pressed and exploited its advantage in being a great land power, as its territories formed a contiguous empire, unlike other empires in history. This glaring failure to press its advantages caused its decline starting in the fifteenth century. Other empires,

Ethical Observations Essay Example for Free

Ethical Observations Essay Unethical accounting behavior and the resulting practices of it within businesses today is a very hot topic since the Enron accounting scandal of 2001. One might ask how does a scandal of this proportion come to be and can it happen again? What situations could lead to unethical behaviors and practices in accounting today that might cause history to repeat itself? The author intends to answer these questions and shed light on some insight of accounting ethics today. By the end of 2001 investors and the public needed something to restore confidence in the way businesses handled accounting and reporting practices. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed into law in July 2002 with the intent of protecting investors by improving financial reporting accuracy and reliability as a result. Ideally, fraud will be prevented through SOX by increased internal controls and greater transparency in accounting practices. The theory is based on the logic that managers who engage in fraudulent activity will be discovered and punished by fines or imprisonment. This theory has mixed reviews as of today. Some argue that SOX does not do enough to prevent managers from manipulating earnings or hiding assets. Others maintain that SOX has improved the level of ethics awareness and concern from what it was in 2001. Most will agree, however, that the law is a step in the right direction and that ethics is a major concern and becoming a more discussed topic of top management in larger corporations today. One might consider why more firms do not have ethics codes or policies in place to prevent the conduct described when in fact Enron did have an ethics code supposedly based on respect, integrity, and communication. One of the problems was that of leadership failure and The point is that an ethical culture must be maintained within an organization at the corporate level and fostered with each new employee from the top down. Although a situation such as Enron’s is not as likely to happen the same way again, when management places extreme emphasis on earnings and promotes activities that might cause earnings to appear inflated, possibilities exist for an unethical situation to occur. (Conroy Emerson, 2006) When a corporation’s culture supports risk taking without regard for consequences, and it uses employee performance appraisals to undermine their position, there is the likelihood that unethical accounting practices will be needed to cover up such activity. Additionally, as with Enron’s case, internal controls were weak or simply not present at all to maintain good accounting as with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) while divisional business units were kept in the dark from noticing what was going on in the overall sense of the scheme. When looking at how important it is to identify unethical behavior in accounting, consider the recent U.S. Housing Market collapse of 2008. Simple mistakes in identifying financial fraud caused some mortgage companies to be over-valued in return allowing investors to lose billions. (BBC News Business, 2011) Unfortunately, in some cases, employees that bring unethical behavior to managements’ attention, risk criticism or worse job loss if deemed a whistle blower. Past cases have indicated that there may be no incentive from management to bring attention to questionable accounting practices in this way. Without managements support and leadership to instill good ethical culture within the workplace, it will be difficult to see positive changes in the future. In conclusion, a greater emphasis on accounting ethics is being seen since the days of the Enron scandal. Ethics is being taught at schools and universities with goals in mind to recognize when situations occur that may be questionable. Ways of dealing with accounting uncertainties and ethical dilemmas are being taught with a sense of moral obligation instilled. New accounting students are developing the abilities to deal with moral issues that relate to accounting and auditing practices. Most business leaders will agree that the improved regulations provided by SOX have made an impact and caused firms throughout the U.S. to review their own accounting practices and at least attempt to comply. References Bannon, S., Ford, K., Meltzer, L. (2010). How to instill a strong ethical culture. The CPA Journal, 80(7), 56-58. http://search.proquest.com/docview/637267174?accountid=35812 BBC News Business. (September 26, 2011). Deloitte Touche sued for $7.6bn in mortgage fraud case. Retrieved from http://bbc.co.uk/news/business-15069976 BBC. (May 17, 2003). The Enron Affair. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/business/2002/enron/default.stm Conroy, S. J., Emerson, T. N. (2006). Changing Ethical Attitudes: The Case of the Enron and ImClone Scandals. Social Science Quarterly, 87(2), 395-410. Liu, C., David, Y. (2011). An Analysis of the Impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on Earnings Management. Advances In Management, 4(6), 25-31.

Effective Communication Principles: Barriers and Mechanisms

Effective Communication Principles: Barriers and Mechanisms General Skills Cultural Differences It is adamantly essential for us to watch out the way we communicate to each other as in the case of age, race, physical capability and reaction. We are required to focus on watching our formal language for example if in a foreign country. Certain words could stand for different meanings regardless of the way we pronounce them are being pronounced. Different physical body architectures or rather formal clothing could mean severe insults to certain cultures. Consuming different foods could mean a great insult to some cultures as well. Barrier to This A barrier to this specific communication is silence within the working environment, lack of physical integration and job unity, lack of staff embrace and secluded frequent foreign language usage in the working environment. Overcoming this Barrier In order to avoid such things, cultural differences must be respected as a hideous part of an individual matters a lot especially if he or she is from a foreign country. Foreign language in the working environment must be kept at a minimum or not be used at all until working hours. Question answer The most important part of the communicative network is the audience. It is vital for them to be involved in the presentations. A nosey part of the audience not being given a chance to express their cloud would feel neglected and fully ignored. Interactive quizzes can be improvised to enable it grab attention of an audience. Question: Is the audience fully informed about the presentation? Answer: The quiz is the only source of grabbing their attention and answering the unravelled question marks. This is an important part of effective communication because the audience gets to be fully updated of the resourceful information via general involvement. Barrier to This A barrier to this type of communication is inert forms of meetings that do not involve much audience interaction. Overcoming this Barrier An autonomous or rather random forms of involving the audience in test and trial questions will always ensure that concentration has been captured from the start of the conference. The audience will also feel highly favoured for being given a chance to ask and respond to questions. Techniques for Engaging Audience The common ways of involving the audience besides questions and answers are seminars, note-taking, weekly reports, newsletters and introductive entertainment. These would strengthen the outcome of the audience plus motivate the individuals to chain magnetize others in joining too. Effective personalized introductive entertainment is a technique for engaging the audience. Barrier to This A barrier would be lack of audio devices that support interactive techniques, lack of proper location and appropriate accommodation to cater for a vast amount of audience. Overcoming this Barrier The answer would be to try as much as possible to ensure that an organization force-feeds its financial department into providing the right location, proper accommodation and audience engagement mechanisms. Interpersonal skills Techniques and Cues The urgent need for accomplishment in tasks that involve different targets require diverse submissive techniques. This also applies to sensitive counter-interactive tasks that exemplify human input in order for the same accomplishment. The cues applied by human input on computers for communication are American symbol writing or smileys that mimic Short Messaging (SMS) language on mobile phones. SMS on paper has become a common infection or rather writing habit by so many people. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is extreme use of electronic devices on the market that support non-improvised writing. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome this type of writing would be trying to avoid robotised short typing, have enough time for writing easily readable and mature writing. Positive and Negative Language Instant Nos and YES’s paraphrased in meagre, instant communicative technology has become an infrastructure of the interpersonal skills. Some entrepreneurs love applying these sort of technology in seminars especially when they communicative across tables whilst in a seminar or conference. These can also be utilised by individuals with language communication difficulties or basically hearing problems. The languages come in forms of head nods signifying YES or NO, hand-waves signifying YES or NO, finger-rolling signifying DENIAL,ATTENTION or TENSION, direct face avoidance signifying FRUSTRATION or SHAME, cloak over face signifying SENSITIVITY, FEAR or LACK. And many others that are being performed. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is extreme use of gestures, inevitable circumstances such as disabilities. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome this would be to try as much as possible to learn the second partys moral spectrums and forms of communication. ‘Smileys’ or Emoticons Sensitive forms of communication can be exchanged between individuals at some point but via explicit symbolism language known as emoticons. This is a strictly prohibited form of communication that might follow a wrong path and smudge official documentation. Barrier to this Use of personal cell phones at workplaces especially official environment where these devices are totally prohibited. Overcoming this barrier Sentimental steps must be taken by the HOD’s to ensure that the employees leave the devices out of the office environment. Written Communication Skills Spelling and Grammar It is important for one to be skilful in his or her own writing especially in spelling and grammar. Your instructive form of writing should be smart enough to portray an employee that communicates well inside and outside the place of work. One is expected to be handling documents that will require professional writing that will require further grammatical emphasis besides the edification mode. One is expected to demonstrate extreme ability to use proper grammar in speaking and writing. One will be expected to communicate with clients via official paperwork and this will greatly demand a high qualification of spelling and grammar level. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is lack of intensified professional official language training. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome is have extensive training in a particular official language that is required in the working environment. Structure Ones composition should be professionally designed such a way that it is architecture in paragraphs, footers, headers, contains necessary references and accompanying hyperlinks if available. It is vital for the writer to act as the reader himself and make his writing as presentable and easily understandable as possible. A great writing is one that is attractive to the eyes of the reader and does not â€Å"dim† him out. Barrier to This A barrier to this one is mismanagement of writing infrastructure without the use of proper interdivisional architecture. Overcoming this Barrier The way to overcome this would be to utilise readily available formatting tools within typing programmes. Reviewing and Editing It is important for every person to review his or her work before finalizing it so as to clarify unforeseen mistakes encountered along the way whilst typing. This is deeply important in a working environment especially in the Web Designing working environment because what is being typed without further clarification might end up in the eyes of the public in error. Barrier to This Barrier to this one is human ignorance on readily available devices that provide proper reviewing. Overcoming this Barrier A way to overcome this would be assigning specially assigned task reviewers in a job environment whose work is to ensure that nothing goes unattended like reviewing and editing. Mechanisms That Can Reduce Communication Barriers Grammar, Language Spelling use Ensure that correct official language construction is maintained in your writing in order to create a diverse understanding. Avoid pigeon or rather chat session like communicative language that comes in only shortened words. Poor grammar and spelling in writing discredits the writer plus it paints a bad moral aspect. Note-taking Plays a very vital role in ensuring that individuals thirsty for further research on a particular discussed matter after noting them down. Information is noted down for future references in case of emergencies. Lack of Abusive Language Abuse is one of the greatest destroyer after fire damage in communication. Politeness and quite approach towards fellow peers is a highly valued attribute. Constant Device Misuse In this familiar unit, regular use of personal devices in working areas or rather environments is a great havoc. This causes a great barrier and in order to eliminate, one must apply totally switch off this device. If this does not work at all, then the involved disturbed parties must move to a secluded, quite area away from noise and disturbance. Noise and Disturbance For a peaceful working environment, away from excessive noise and disturbance that is hard to avoid. The management is determined to ensure that noise reduction amplifiers are utilised. And that all personal devices are kept on silent mode. References: SMILEY Accessed 21 December 2014 ENGAGE AUDIENCE Accessed 21 December 2014 TECHNIQUES AND CUES Accessed 21 December 2014 STRUCTURE Accessed 21 December 2014 REVIEWING Accessed 21 December 2014 John Lenny WamagataID: 14081308 Literary Forms: Differences and Similarities Literary Forms: Differences and Similarities In order to properly compare and contrast the major differences between literary forms, we must first look at their similarities. The drama, poetry, and short story are all creative works of art. They all use tone, symbolism, imaginative language, satire, and, irony to captivate their audiences attention and bring their individual creative work to life. In addition, drama and the short story all have a protagonist, antagonists, minor character, stock character, the foil, foreshadowing, and dramatic irony in one way or another within their stories. Still, we can clearly see that each literary form approaches their audience in different ways. The major element of drama that distinguishes it from the short story and poetry is its ability to draw you into imaginary experiences by its intensity and visual performance. This is evident in the dramatic play Riders to the Sea (Synge). This is a play that is considered a tragedy. It depicts a woman who has lost all the male members in her household. It shows her struggle with the sea and her last living son Bartley. We are exposed to the dramatic irony of the play. In line 225-229, we finally find out that she saw her son Bentley riding the red mare and her dead son Michael riding on the grey pony wearing new clothes and shoes. This symbolizes that Bentley is soon to die from the sea as well. The ironic part is that she had no knowledge of the bundle of Michaels clothing that the girls had kept from here. Therefore, she was not aware that the priest found a drowned man in Donegal that turned out to be her son Michael. This could also be considered a short story if it did not use the play writers narratives and used descriptive language instead. Moreover, in a short story we are forced to use our imagination to decipher the symbolic meanings of the writer. Thus, we are not able to visually experience the characters and atmosphere. We must read or listen to this type of literary form and use the writers imaginative language to fully experience the intended outcome of the author. For example, Kate Chopin used symbols in her short story called The Story of an Hour. She used symbolism throughout the entire story to describe Mrs. Mallards true feelings towards her husband. In paragraph four, Kate has her slumping and sighing into a chair, using symbolism it appeared as though she was actually distraught over her husbands death. However, in reality she is so happy that her farce of a marriage is over and done with. Then we see in paragraph six that the world becomes brighter, new and fresh. However, the writer Kate Chopin was symbolically painting a picture of her being freed from the constraints of a loveless marriage. This short story could be considered a tragedy because of the protagonists feelings towards her husband and her dramatic and untimely demise. However, when we read a poem we look more to the authors expressionism, creativity, rhythm, and tone. A poem is emotional and musical. The rhyming of each stanza in a poem assists me in the reading and comprehension of the authors meaning in his or her literary work. For example, William Wordsworth poem She dwelt among the untrodden ways used romanticism, tone, symbolism, and rhythm to covey his feelings of his love for Lucy. By rhyming a poem it allows the reader to imagine it as a romantic musical lullaby. Moreover, when it is performed, you can mentally picture the musical rhythm in your head. Also; the performance assists the listener to visualize the symbols as the reader speaks them. We can feel how much he treasured Lucy by what he wrote in line five. He believes she is a rare treasure that is hidden by a mossy stone or if you will, a beautiful violet that is not easily seen. This sort of poetic symbolism brings the authors creative work to life and creates an ambiance of visu alization to the literary work. In order to properly compare and contrast the major differences between literary forms, we must first look at their similarities. The drama, poetry, and short story are all creative works of art. They all use tone, symbolism, imaginative language, satire, and, irony to captivate their audiences attention and bring their individual creative work to life. The major element of drama that distinguishes it from the short story and poetry is its ability to draw you into imaginary experiences by its intensity and visual performance. Moreover, in a short story we are forced to use our imagination to decipher the symbolic meanings of the writer. Thus, we are not able to visually experience the characters and atmosphere. However, when we read a poem we look more to the authors expressionism, creativity, rhythm, and tone. Thus, we can conclude that each writer approaches their intended audience in different ways by the form of literature that they choose to adopt for their literary works.

Colonists Identity Essay -- essays research papers

The colonies had developed a strong sense of their identity and unity as Americans by the eve of the Revolution. The Pre-Revolutionary Period showed how the English colonies buckled down and united. They grew into one major entity which was not going to be taken for a fool, especially not by England.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When England engaged in the French and Indian War (1754-1763), the colonies and their mother country joined together to fight the French. The colonies used popular images to entice people to join the war effort. The colonies wanted to move westward into what was then French territory. When England won the war, the colonists were happy because now hey could move west. However, England drew a Proclamation Line which made West of the Appalachians for the use of the Indians. England wanted to tighten their control over the colonies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  England wanted more authority over the colonies. They needed to pay off their debts so they saw the colonies as a personal bank for their use. The colonists felt united because they believed that they did good fighting for the British. However, England was displeased with how the colonists had fought during the war. They continued to use their colony for their own gain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  England passed the stamp Act in 1765 as a way to get money from the colonies. This act placed a tax on stamps needed to make certain things official. The colonies reacted in united protests and riot...

Marketing and New Communications Technologies

CHAPTER 1 1)Briefly compare and contrast the concepts of needs, wants, and demands, giving an example of each. Discuss how these concepts relate to marketing practices. Needs are states of deprivation. For examples, physical needs for food, clothing, warmth, and safety; social needs for belonging and affection; and individual needs for knowledge and self-expression. Wants are the form that needs take as they are shaped by cultural and individual personality. For example, an American needs food but wants a Big Mac, french fries, and a soft drink.Demands is wants backed by buying power. For example, given their wants anfd resources, people demand products with benefits that add up to the most value and satisfaction. Outstanding marketing companies go to great lengths to learn about and understand their customers’ needs, wants, and demands. They conduct consumer research and analyze mountains of customer data. 2)In a short essay, discuss the challenges and advantages that new com munications technologies have created for marketers.The new communications technologies has provided marketers with exciting new ways to learn about and track customers and create products and services tailored to individual customer needs. It’s helping marketers communicate with customers in large group or one-to-one. Marketers also can create their own detailed customer databases and use them to target individual customers with offers designed to meet their specific needs. For example, by using the Internet, a direct marketer can tap into online data service to learn anything from what car you drive to what you read to what flavor of ice cream you prefer.

Being and Becoming: Becoming by Being Essay

Pre-Socratic era was marked by periods from Thales of Miletus until that period when Socrates philosophy was yet to be born.   It was during this period when the fundamentals of science (both natural and social were being founded using scientific research and inquiry, and where philosophy and practical science were still married.   Sophos tried to understand and explain the origin, nature, elements, development and workings of the universe by way of argumentative reasoning, critical inquiry and justifications. Pre-Socratic philosophy was mainly characterized by its elements such as essence, change/absolute, harmony and its effort to understand the essential substance of a thing that caused its existence and the dynamic movement it undergoes (changes) to be known as what it is today.   Among the famous thinkers of this period were Thales, Heraclitus, Anaxagoras, Empedocles, Democritus and Parmenides. Whereas pre-Socratic philosophers have had formulated a common line of thought, disparity was inevitable.   Among the arguments that showed differences of the philosophy of that period was Parmenides’ theory of Being and Heraclitus’ theory of Becoming.   Heraclitus argued that the existence of everything was brought about by nothing and that it continuously exists through constant change or by undergoing a dynamic transformation.   What is more striking about the concept of change for Heraclitus is the concept of change within. According to him, it is that contradiction of elements/substance within the object that caused it to transform and that to cause its change, an external intervening need not to be imposed.   Accordingly, for Heraclitus, the world is a continuous struggle and strife, hence it needs change. In contrast, while the internal aspect of an existing element undergoes alterations, the process by which an element transforms is ever constant. Through the understanding of the nature of an element, Heraclitus recognized that the fixed states of being are all part of the varied state of perpetual becoming1.   In humans, the processes of giving birth, living, dying and rebirth are all changes that a person passes through.   However, such pattern is a never-ending cycle, after all.   What will â€Å"become† of a matter is a product of the dynamic development it subjects itself through a never ceasing rhythm. Contrary to Heraclitus’, while Parmenides likewise argued that an object exists because it does exist (that no other factor that may explain the causality of its existence), he failed to recognize if it ever underwent an evolutionary state, thus making it the â€Å"being† as it is today.   Because Parmenides believed – and apparently refuted Heraclitus – that the universe was already at the state of stability, why should it be basking on the process of modification? Everything is what it is because it is what it is and it cannot become what it is not. Both arguments are of much interest specifically in understanding how do we â€Å"become† or what make us came to â€Å"being†.   Later on during Plato’s time, both arguments could be reconciled by proposing that, what might â€Å"become† is caused by a â€Å"being†. However, unlike the foregoing arguments of Heraclitus’ and Parmenides, it is apparent that the reconciliation of the arguments were based on the thought that, indeed, there is a â€Å"first cause† that is never changing but rather causes the â€Å"second being† to become what it is today.   Note that both the initially mentioned thinkers do not believe on something that might have caused on object to exist. What could be more difficult in the understanding of this discourse is the process of analyzing concepts that flourished centuries apart and merging them into one critical explanation such that conflict resolution could be gained. References: __________. Philosophy Pages. In Britannica Internet Guide Selection. Retrieved April 11, 2008, from http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/p.htm#parm __________. (April 16, 2002). Pre-Socratic Era. Posted to http://everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=628825 Ballantyne, Paul F., Ph.D. History and Theory of Psychology: An Early 21st Century Student’s Perspective. (2008). Retrieved April 10, 2008, from www.comnet.ca/~pballan/section1(210).htm Goodman, Len E. (1992). Avicenna:Arabic Thought and Culture (pp 53-54). Routledge. Retrieved April 12, 2008, from http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=VJ6x-pcqMicC&pg=PA51&lpg=PA51&dq=resolving+the+argument+of+being+and+becoming&source=web&ots=gctA47HxTQ&sig=R0YNJ23QzZlvTpaLA5XclFgdKfY&hl=en#PPR5,M1 Rose, Jake. Being and Becoming. In Ezine Articles. Retrieved April 11, 2008, from http://ezinearticles.com/?Being-and-Becoming&id=148729   

Danielle Steel Book List

Danielle Steel Book List Danielle Steel is one of the most popular romance writers in the world, and also one of the most prolific, having published more than 140 novels since her career began in the early 1970s. Today, the bestselling author works on multiple books at the same time to meet her demanding publishing schedule. Her complete bibliography includes novels, works of nonfiction, and childrens books. 1970s   Amazon The first decade of Steels career was a tumultuous one for her personal life. After her first novel Going Home was published in 1973, she divorced her first husband and married Danny Zugelder, who was imprisoned in California. Her relationship with the inmate inspired her breakthrough books Passions Promise and Now and Forever. Going Home (1973)Passions Promise (1977): Steels first big hit, this novel tells the story of a wealthy socialite who falls in love with an ex-con while moonlighting as a journalist.Now and Forever (1978)The Promise (1978): This book was the first of Steels romance novels to be adapted for the big screen.Season of Passion (1979)Summers End (1979) 1980s Amazon By the early 1980s, Steel was regularly appearing on The New York Times bestseller list. In 1981, she married her fourth husband, winemaker John Traina, with whom she had five children. The Ring (1980)Palomino (1981)To Love Again (1981)Remembrance (1981)Loving (1981)Once in a Lifetime (1982)Crossings (1982): Set during the outbreak of World War II, this novel was made into a miniseries in 1986.A Perfect Stranger (1983)Thurston House (1983): This novel tells the story of a wealthy businessman who builds a mansion in San Francisco. For many years, Steel herself lived in a historic mansion in San Francisco.Changes (1983)Full Circle (1984)Family Album (1985): A story of female empowerment, Family Album follows the career of Faye Price, a Hollywood actress who becomes one of the industrys first female directors. The book was made into a TV miniseries in 1994.Secrets (1985)Wanderlust (1986)Fine Things (1987)Kaleidoscope (1987)Zoya (1988): This historical romance tells the story of a Russian countess who falls in love with an American soldier in Paris. The novel later explores the history of the Great Depression and World War II.Star (1989) Daddy (1989) 1990s Amazon The 1990s was Steels most productive decade yet. To maintain her grueling schedule, Steel slept very little, often working on her books late at night after her children had gone to bed. Message from Nam (1990): Described by Publishers Weekly as an unusual departure from Steels previous work, Message from Nam follows a journalist covering the war in Vietnam. He finds unexpected romance in Saigon.Heartbeat (1991)No Greater Love (1991)Jewels (1992)Mixed Blessings (1992)Vanished (1993)Accident (1994)The Gift (1994): This novel, which spent 12 weeks on the Publishers Weekly bestseller list, is one of Steels biggest hits. It tells the story of a high school girl who is sent away after she becomes pregnant on prom night.Wings (1994)Lightning (1995)Five Days in Paris (1995)Malice (1996)Silent Honor (1996): Another historical work, Silent Honor tells the story of a young Japanese woman living in California in the early 1940s. She faces prejudice from her neighbors after Pearl Harbor is bombed.The Ranch (1997)Special Delivery (1997)The Ghost (1997)The Long Road Home (1998)The Klone and I (1998): Inspired by an inside joke with her future husband, The Klone and I wades into sc ience fiction territory. The book is a tale of mistaken identity involving a human clone. His Bright Light (1998): One of Steels few works of nonfiction, His Bright Light is the story of her son Nick Traina and his struggles with manic depression. The illness led to the boys death at the age of 19.Mirror Image (1998)Bittersweet (1999)Irresistible Forces (1999) 2000s Amazon In 2002, Steel divorced her fifth husband, Silicon Valley businessman Thomas James Perkins. While continuing to produce several novels a year, she opened an art gallery in San Francisco and contributed to efforts to improve mental health among adolescents. The Wedding (2000): The Wedding is a story of love among the glitz and glamor of the Los Angeles elite.The House on Hope Street (2000)Journey (2000)Lone Eagle (2001)Leap of Faith (2001)The Kiss (2001)The Cottage (2002)Sunset in St. Tropez (2002)Answered Prayers (2002)Dating Game (2003)Johnny Angel (2003)Safe Harbour (2003)Ransom (2004): Unlike most of Steels previous books, Ransom is not a romance. The book is a white-knuckle thriller involving a kidnapped child.Second Chance (2004)Echoes (2004)Impossible (2005)Miracle (2005)Toxic Bachelors (2005): Told from the point of view of three different men, Toxic Bachelors is a story of wealth and privilege. Over the course of the novel, unexpected events transform their love lives forever.The House (2006)Coming Out (2006)H.R.H. (2006)Sisters (2007): This novel focuses on four highly successful career women who must return home to care for their father after their mother is killed in a car crash. Bungalow 2 (2007)Amazing Grace (2007): Set in San Francisco, Amazing Grace tells the story of four strangers brought together by a natural disaster. Along the way, they learn important lessons about love and family.Honor Thyself (2008)Rogue (2008)A Good Woman (2008)One Day at a Time (2009)Matters of the Heart (2009)Southern Lights (2009) 2010s   Amazon Now in her fifth decade of publishing, Steel has become even more prolific, producing as many as seven books a year. Her novels continue to be bestsellers, and they have been translated into more than 40 languages. Big Girl (2010)Family Ties (2010)Legacy (2010)44 Charles Street (2011)Happy Birthday (2011)Hotel Vendome (2011)Betrayal (2012)Friends Forever (2012)The Sins of the Mother (2012)A Gift of Hope (2012)Until the End of Time (2013)First Sight (2013)Winners (2013)Pure Joy: The Dogs We Love (2013)Power Play (2014)A Perfect Life (2014)Pegasus (2014)Prodigal Son (2015)Country (2015)Undercover (2015): A tale of romance and espionage, Undercover was partially inspired by the Patty Hearst kidnapping.​Precious Gifts (2015)Blue (2016)Property of a Noblewoman (2016)The Apartment (2016)Magic (2016)Rushing Waters (2016)The Award (2016)The Mistress (2017)Dangerous Games (2017): A political thriller and romance, this book follows a reporter investigating the U.S. vice president. The book reached No. 2 on The New York Times bestseller list.Against All Odds (2017)The Duchess (2017)The Right Time (2017)Past Perfect (2017)Fairytale (2017)In His Fathers Footsteps (2018) Fall from Grace (2018): A New York Times bestseller, Fall from Grace is the story of a privileged woman who loses everything after the sudden death of her wealthy husband. The book shows the challenges she faces as she rebuilds her life.The Cast (2018)The Good Fight (2018)Accidental Heroes (2018): A bestselling thriller, Accidental Heroes begins with the appearance of a strange postcard on a cross-country flight to San Francisco. An off-duty pilot and a flight attendant work together to solve the mystery.Beauchamp Hall (2018)Turning Point (2019)Silent Night (2019)Blessing in Disguise (2019)Lost and Found (2019)The Dark Side (2019)Childs Play (2019)Spy (2019) Childrens Books Amazon Steel first began publishing childrens books in the 1980s with her Max and Martha series. Since then, she has written the Freddie series and a collection of picture books. 1989: Marthas New Daddy1989: Max and the Babysitter1989: Marthas Best Friend1989: Maxs Daddy Goes to the Hospital1989: Maxs New Baby1989: Marthas New School1990: Max Runs Away1990: Marthas New Puppy1991: Max and Grandma and Grampa Winky1991: Martha and Hilary and the Stranger1992: Freddies Trip1992: Freddies First Night Away1992: Freddie and the Doctor2009: The Happiest Hippo in the World (picture book)2014:  Pretty Minnie in Paris (picture book)2016: Pretty Minnie in Hollywood  (picture book)

5 TEDx Videos Can Inspire You to Write Your Successful Philosophy Personal Statement

5 TEDx Videos Can Inspire You to Write Your Successful Philosophy Personal Statement 5 TEDx Videos Can Inspire You to Write Your Successful Philosophy Personal Statement Most of us like to indulge in philosophizing with regard to different issues principles of human behavior, social interaction, cultural influences and so on. Someone can decide to take it a step further to get a degree in Philosophy. Want to connect your life with one of the oldest academic discipline in the world? Great! For example, the students from the Lehigh University don’t regret studying Philosophy. There are many benefits from this subject critical thinking skills, opinion expressing skills, effective writing skills. According to the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2018: Philosophy, top universities in America is the University of Pittsburgh and in the UK the University of Oxford. Want to be admitted to them? As a student applying to study Philosophy at university, you should write a clear and accurate personal statement. It can be a representation of your love, interest, and commitment to the subject. Regardless of how well you do during high school years, a poorly constructed personal statement can ruin your chances of being accepted into your the Philosophy course. So, it is important to make time to write a personal statement that would captivate the admissions officers, and make a positive impression about you as a potential student at their school. How to set yourself up for writing a philosophy personal statement? Draw Much of Inspiration from the TEDx Speakers A collection of TED Talks on the topic of philosophy offers you a vast variety of ideas you can use in your personal statement. These talks are given by professional philosophers who have previous experience with writing their own personal statements and who gained years of experience working in the field. Each talk offers a unique insight into various crucial global topics that can be inspirational for you. ‘Your Elusive Creative Genius’ by Elizabeth Gilbert. The author of the bestseller â€Å"Eat, Pray, Love† presents the relationship between humans and the creative mystery a genius. So, the idea is as follows: all of us have a genius inside. Use this video to highlight in your personal statement that you have that inner potential that makes you worthy of joining the faculty of Philosophy . ‘The Surprising Habits of Original Thinkers’ by Adam Grant. An organizational psychologist dedicates the video topic to the exploration of the fundamentals of success that are applied by people who are considered to think originally. Do you know that many great originals in history were procrastinators? However, it is a virtue for creativity, not productivity. Start writing your personal statement after you watch this video, not later. Use Adam’s guidelines to write an original and unique piece that will grab admissions staff’s attention. â€Å"The Puzzle of Personality† by Brian Little. The Cambridge professor explore the different types of contemporary personality. You may be open to experience or stands for conscientiousness. Allow your personality to shine through in your personal statement by following Little’s explanations. â€Å"Success, Failure and the Drive to Keep Creating† by Elizabeth Gilbert. According to the speaker, the way we experience great failure differ from the way we experience great success. So, it’s essential to tune in to the right wave-length. Watch this video and determine what it is your best place you can return each time to keep creating what you love. â€Å"How to See Past Your Own Perspective and Find Truth† by Michael Patrick Lynch. The philosopher suggests the idea that the more information a person absorbs, the more difficult it can be to tell the difference between whats true and whats fake. The understanding of the facts as they are involves more than just downloading the information from the Internet. See this video and realize what you need to do for writing a personal statement. As a high school student, these videos act as introductory mediums for the subject and offer real-life experiences and examples that you can use in your statement. Granted, you are required to write unique and honest personal experiences, motivations and abilities but you can use key lessons taught in TED videos as guiding tools. The following is a list of ideas for your philosophy personal statement based on TED videos: Analyze where your ideas as a future philosopher come from and how they can influence your research in university. Use the talk on ‘how we make choices’ as a guideline to describe how you made the choice to pursue Philosophy. Explore who you are and explain how you as an individual will contribute to the program and Philosophy in general. When writing your personal statement, it is important to show your passion for the subject as opposed to simply mentioning it. What does admissions committee look for? It is a statement that is honest, unique and one that shows a commitment to Philosophy as more than just a university major. Get the best Philosophy personal statements written by our professionals. Supply yourself with a good example of writing that contributes surely to your success.

Attitude to Feminism in HoD

Attitude to Feminism in HoD In Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, Marlow’s preconceived notion of the naà ¯ve and sheltered woman is revealed early in the novel: â€Å"It’s queer how out of touch with truth women are! They live in a world of their own and there had never been anything like it and never can be. It is too beautiful altogether, and if they were to set it up it would go to pieces before the first sunset.† (Conrad 10) However, it is because of the women’s purity and naivete that the female characters in the novel–Marlow’s aunt, knitters of black wool, the African mistress, and the Intended–possess a sense of mystery and wield power over the men. The women eventually lead the reader to the discovery of a new truth—not that of the stark reality of the Congo, but of the fact that men yield to women’s will as a way to discover and assert themselves. The women are powerful enough to present the men with a direction, a literal journey, and a sense of purpose. Though Marlow’s aunt and the wool knitters appear for only a short period, their presence precipitates and steers the course of the novel. Marlow’s aunt, who is presented as a disillusioned woman stubbornly adhering to the notion of â€Å"White Man’s Burden,† is the one who actually directs Marlow into his expedition of self-discovery and truth in the first place. This irony is compounded by the fact that it is Marlow’s aunt who comes to the rescue when his own efforts prove fruitless: â€Å"The men said ‘My dear fellow,’ and did nothing. Then–would you believe it?–I tried the women. I, Charlie Marlow, set the women to work–to get a job.† (6) This passage implies that, regardless of Marlow’s condescending views of women, he too realizes (though without admitting it outright) the female influence and his and other men’s powerlessness. It is his aunt’s belief in the fundamental goodness of humanity that gives her power over men; she justifies male imperialistic goals and becomes the object onto which these men project wealth, power, and status. The women in the Belgian company office knit black wool, symbolizing and foreshadowing a sealed fate, dark and tragic. Their power rests in their possession of this fate, and their presence is so domineering that later in the journey, Marlow yields to their unquestionable authority: â€Å"The knitting old woman with the cat obtruded herself upon my memory as a most improper person to be sitting at the other end of such an affair.† (59-60) If Marlow’s aunt is the usher into Darkness, then the knitters are the Darkness’ gatekeepers, and Conrad’s representation of fate as two women is no concidence. The connection between the aunt and the knitters, and eventually the other female characters, binds them in a sisterhood, and their roles only complement their own respective goals in maneuvering the men. The ending of the book is shaped by the African mistress and the Intended. In physical contrast to the ailing Kurtz, the two women are towers (literally, by the descriptions of their height and outstretched arms) of strength, devotion, and purity. Throughout the book, Kurtz is the â€Å"remarkable person† (16), the â€Å"exceptional man† (19), and a quasi-Christ-like figure, but, to Marlow, the Intended is a god: â€Å"bowing my head before the faith that was in her† (70) and â€Å"silencing me into an appalled dumbness† (69). While Kurtz holds truth, the Intended holds illusion, and Marlow’s ultimate lie proves the world of women overcomes the world of truth. It is women’s illusion that shelters men and gives them strength and purpose. This protection can be clearly seen with the Intended: her depiction of Kurtz is drastically different from the reader’s observations, and her distorted image of Kurtz creates his pristine legacy by cle ansing him of his corruption. Her â€Å"inextinguishable light of belief and love† (69) manages to extinguish the darkness of humanity, of the man’s world. Marlow’s asserts women are â€Å"out of it† (44), that they exist in their own ideal space, void of vision and possibility and unbeknownst to truth and reality. Yet Marlow’s journey into the Congo places him into a dreamlike state in which he similarly cannot discern truth from fantasy. The implications of a thick, dark jungle signify a world where â€Å"the reality fades† and â€Å"the inner truth is hidden† (30). Thus, though both the female and male worlds are dark, the female characters dominate because they have not fallen into the male abyss—due to their purity and pledge of responsibility and faith. Marlow’s hazy journey into the Congo and hazy views of the female gender are similar, and this similarity is made even more apparent when he encounters the African mistress, who actually embodies the wilderness itself: â€Å"And in the hush that had fallen suddenly upon the whole sorrowful land, the immense darkness, the colossal bo dy of the fecund and mysterious life seemed to look at her, pensive, and though it had been looking at the image of its own tenebrous and passionate soul.† (56) Ironically, he is strongly attracted to her powerful feminine force, the force of nature, of the female world, which he had once made an effort to avoid. With his travel down the Congo, he has been forced to immerse himself in the female realm, an image of the African mistress with receiving arms, which has similarly â€Å"caressed him [Kurtz]†¦taken him, loved, him, embraced him, got into his veins, consumed his flesh, and sealed his soul†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (44). Marlow’s confused view of women can be read in parallel with Conrad’s own struggle to overtly and covertly balance the strong female presences in his work. In the beginning of the novel, Marlow is disoriented by his aunt, who manages to throw his opinions of gender and power into question. Thereby, Marlow becomes uneasy about his own powerlessness and the fact that women might have an existence aside from his problematic interpretations. In order to adhere to his viewpoints, however, Marlow refuses to admit the nuances he himself allows the reader to observe (i.e. the unmistakable power of his aunt, the knitters, the African mistress, and the Intended beyond his own), and his omission reveals a fear which in turn imparts an independent and potent sphere to those women. It is with this sphere–and the mystery within–that Conrad is able to reveal female power beyond a literal portrayal. That power is deeply psychological and subconscious, and closely intertwi ned amongst the women–the aunt ushering, the knitters guiding, the African mistress embracing, and the Intended cleansing–to conform the male characters to the female will. Works Cited Joseph Conrad. Heart of Darkness. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1990.

Critical Review based on project from litrature review, methodology Essay - 1

Critical Review based on project from litrature review, methodology and analysis - Essay Example The literature review project is instrumental in showing us how the DICOM technology has long been practised in the medical field. DICOM has been in existence in imaging area of the clinic. It has not been able to avoid DICOM in the medical field since its essential. In chapter 4 of this paper methodology there is the project application by the use of the imaging in the medical field. All the processes involved from taking the images to storing them in the online database are all expounded. With time the imaging applied by the use of DICOM has migrated from the research based to the clinical based. For example the stroke perfusion CT and MR, hippocampal volume, amyloidal and FDG PET, tumour size, Due to need for better treatment, improved technology will serve a better chance in ensuring doctors can access quality information in good timing. This system will provide practitioners with the best, hence enabling better performance. It will also important for others who need information for academic use outside the hospital since they can access it too. It is given that implementing structured data management solution or program has potential problems upon incorporation of such system (Lowe, 1995). The biggest challenge of this project emerges from inflexibility in relations to the system users. This project has the inflexibility problem where the clients or users would feel inhibited from their practises of processing and the usual coding. This way, problem like UML diagram and function not working would arise in the course of the user being constrained from the use of this system. In the methodology part of this paper, there was the use of codes, which were not easy to apply due to the occurrence of syntax and run time errors. These codes were required in entities like tumours, tissues and lesions. These features were necessary to enhance meaning and it was not that easy to come up with the right final code. The

(DEGREE LEVEL) INESTIGATING THE SOCIAL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

(DEGREE LEVEL) INESTIGATING THE SOCIAL - Essay Example 26). The National Health Service (NHS) was created on 5 July 1948 (National Health Services). Aneurin Bevan, the Minister of Health in the 1940’s, is seen as the architect of NHS (Gorsky 2008, p.437, 452). As mentioned above, the World War II bombings by Germany mobilized several interest groups and connected them. World War II served as a stressor, whose effects were made public by the Beveridge Report. However, the factor that did not let the effect of this event fade was Bevan. Thus, the aim of this research is to look at how the factors mentioned above influenced the interest groups in forming NHS. The Beveridge Report (Beveridge, 1942) is used to examine the ability of reports to shock their readers. This report was made with the purpose of evaluating the reconstruction needs which were caused by the 1940 bombings (Beveridge 1942, p. 5). Its advantage is that quantitative and objective data are presented. Observations were made in a natural environment. The report provides a background to the problem, indicating that reconstruction is only a part of the story and that more fundamental changes are required. However, its weakness is that as in case of every other report, this too has its own agenda. The government commissioned this report, so one could easily assume that it was in government’s best interest to present a gloomy picture of the existing system to the public. Another source is the interview with Bevan from 1949 (2009). Though this source offers a firsthand insight into the needs that led to NHS, this source is also subjective. Bevan is seen as the architect of NHS, implying that he possessed the ins and outs of development of the Act on NHS, its passing and creation of NHS. However, this interview is his personal view on events that happened in the 1940’s. Since he was a politician, his statements were designed to win over the voters by giving them

The topic can be proposed by the writer Research Paper - 3

The topic can be proposed by the writer - Research Paper Example Putting up a business in China is advantageous in several ways. First, technological devices are used daily as a result of making live comfortable and work simple. Secondly, there is an availability of a ready market for technical inventions. Inventions of all kinds are found in America. That makes it a destination market for any inventor. The gaming industry has not been left out in the technological world. There are over 170 million hardcore gamers in the United States thus attracting inventions to meet this demand. Like their American counterparts, China is also a country that produces technology to a great extent. It is an essential industry that dominated the video games industry for many years (Grubb, 2013). The domination on the gaming platform was as a result, a successful Chineseeconomic structure. In the year 2013, China’s gaming industry generated 13 billion US dollars. The gaming industry development in China is highly attributed to established markets abroad. Like in other countries, foreign games often sell very well in the Chinese market. None the less it still has the largest mobile games market. Social media plays a great role both in America and China in marketing the latest games. Oculus, a product bought by Facebook enjoys this marketing platform mostly on Facebook. Oculus is an invention that takes players closer to reality. It also puts the player to interact with friends on Facebook in the same virtual space. Considering Facebook as a social platform and emphasis, this technology will be applied to interpersonal communication. With 208 million active Facebook users in the United States, the Oculus is set to have great success supported by a culture that embraces technology and a political platform that supports innovation. These two countries show significant potential for the Oculus. The American market will easily be accessible, the Chinese market that is greatly dominated by mobile games and faces a great challenge if the price of

Single Parent Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Single Parent - Assignment Example As yet there are no estimates of the numbers of deaths from CHD which are due to poor psychosocial well-being or of the numbers of deaths which could be avoided if psychosocial well-being was increased. Although, some single parent are doing their best to support the needs of their family, they still encounter some potentials problems like, visitation and custody arrangements, effects upon the children of continued conflict between parents, decrease in the amount of time parents and children can spend together, effects of a divorce on children's performance in school and peer relations, and disruptions in extended family relationships. To cope with this problem, single parent should often talk to his children regarding on their feelings with each other. They should also learn how to communicate with each other, spend time together to go shopping, playing different kinds of sports, watching some interesting movies or simply going to church together. These ways will help develop a better single parent and children relationship. Amy is a 38 yr. Old single parent who has three children aged 9, 7 and a newborn baby boy. She has a hard time taking care of her children especially her new baby due to being busy looking after the rest of the family. Her brother Rys is 30, who has a moderate learning disability, shows signs of distress due to his worries to his family. Her father Ronald, who is 76 yr. Old widower, had a fall and since then his mobility has seriously deteriorated. Due to the circumstances that Amy's family is facing, she is feeling tense and anxious about how is she going to cope with supporting her dad, while continuing to meet the needs for her children. With Amy's situation, it's really hard to give everything to her family especially that she is the only one supporting them. She may experience depression and stress due to her responsibilities to her family. To cope with this, she should know the thing that a single parent must do in order to meet the needs of her family. Amy is having a hard time coping up with her kids, her father and brother and on how to make both ends meet. Having these problems at hand just right after giving birth to a baby boy made her not only physically drained but also mentally disturbed. Due to this, she may suffer from Post Natal Depression. According to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, around 1 in every 10 women has PND after having a baby. If untreated, it can last for months, or sometimes longer. There are number of symptoms suffers

Should Polygyamy be against the Law Research Paper

Should Polygyamy be against the Law - Research Paper Example This paper explores the legality of polygamy marriages, and whether the practice, should be tolerated in the society. History of Polygamy in the American society Gibson (2006) avers polygamy practices have formed a significant part of the American culture for almost three centuries. The practice is believed to have started among the ancient participants of the Church, which at the time was being led by Joseph Smith, who helped found the ministry in the early 1800s. Historians consider that Church adherents started polygamy around 1835 (Bradley, Saunders & William, 2005. The practice was initially shrouded in secrecy, before it became widespread in the society immediately after. Decades after the killing of Smith in late 1880s, the second in command of the ministry, Brigham Young, started speaking publicly about the practice during the mid-1850s. Nevertheless, participation was technically restricted by strong cultural norms, with less than a fifth of the church adherents engaging in the practice during its climax years of the 1850s (Ross, 2011). In early 1862, Congress ratified the initial of several legislations systematically geared at bringing to an end the trend by outlawing polygamy. These developments dealt the church a major financial blow, and even denying women of their voting rights in Utah. Almost two decades later, an adherent of the ministry challenged the legality of anti-polygamy legislations on religious justifications; however, the Supreme Court maintained that the unconstitutionality of polygamy was beyond doubt, and that the various government agencies could work to limit religious rights and privileges of the adherents. The congressional decrees were largely effective in terminating polygamy. This forced the Church to abandon the clamor for polygamy practices on September 25, 1890. At the same time, Church President Wilford Woodruff made public a formal statement referred to as â€Å"the Manifesto† (Bradley, Saunders & William, 2005). In 1894, Congress approved the Utah Enabling Act, which allowed Utah to begin processes aimed at acquiring the position of statehood, based upon the government constitution providing for an irrevocable decree outlawing polygamy. United States Congress approved Utah statehood two years later, a development that led to the implementation of the state constitution, which permanently outlawed polygamy practices within its jurisdiction. Additionally, polygamy was also classified as a crime by decree. After â€Å"the Manifesto,† was made public, the religious group stopped polygamy practices and started to detach polygamists from its flock. Eventually, religious factions resented the new development leading to the formation of â€Å"Fundamentalists† groups (Groleau, 2008). Bradley, Saunders and William (2005) indicate fundamentalists backed away to remote communities in an attempt to shun what they believed to be mass maltreatment. Since then, the state authorities have car ried out episodic mass apprehending and questionings on communities practicing polygamy. For instance, mass apprehending was implemented in 1935, and during the end of World War II. Arizona on its part carried out the largest crackdown yet on the community in 1953 (Cole, 2011). Although, the infamous Short Creek Raid led to the apprehending and arraignment

The topic can be proposed by the writer Research Paper - 3

The topic can be proposed by the writer - Research Paper Example Putting up a business in China is advantageous in several ways. First, technological devices are used daily as a result of making live comfortable and work simple. Secondly, there is an availability of a ready market for technical inventions. Inventions of all kinds are found in America. That makes it a destination market for any inventor. The gaming industry has not been left out in the technological world. There are over 170 million hardcore gamers in the United States thus attracting inventions to meet this demand. Like their American counterparts, China is also a country that produces technology to a great extent. It is an essential industry that dominated the video games industry for many years (Grubb, 2013). The domination on the gaming platform was as a result, a successful Chineseeconomic structure. In the year 2013, China’s gaming industry generated 13 billion US dollars. The gaming industry development in China is highly attributed to established markets abroad. Like in other countries, foreign games often sell very well in the Chinese market. None the less it still has the largest mobile games market. Social media plays a great role both in America and China in marketing the latest games. Oculus, a product bought by Facebook enjoys this marketing platform mostly on Facebook. Oculus is an invention that takes players closer to reality. It also puts the player to interact with friends on Facebook in the same virtual space. Considering Facebook as a social platform and emphasis, this technology will be applied to interpersonal communication. With 208 million active Facebook users in the United States, the Oculus is set to have great success supported by a culture that embraces technology and a political platform that supports innovation. These two countries show significant potential for the Oculus. The American market will easily be accessible, the Chinese market that is greatly dominated by mobile games and faces a great challenge if the price of

Should Polygyamy be against the Law Research Paper

Should Polygyamy be against the Law - Research Paper Example This paper explores the legality of polygamy marriages, and whether the practice, should be tolerated in the society. History of Polygamy in the American society Gibson (2006) avers polygamy practices have formed a significant part of the American culture for almost three centuries. The practice is believed to have started among the ancient participants of the Church, which at the time was being led by Joseph Smith, who helped found the ministry in the early 1800s. Historians consider that Church adherents started polygamy around 1835 (Bradley, Saunders & William, 2005. The practice was initially shrouded in secrecy, before it became widespread in the society immediately after. Decades after the killing of Smith in late 1880s, the second in command of the ministry, Brigham Young, started speaking publicly about the practice during the mid-1850s. Nevertheless, participation was technically restricted by strong cultural norms, with less than a fifth of the church adherents engaging in the practice during its climax years of the 1850s (Ross, 2011). In early 1862, Congress ratified the initial of several legislations systematically geared at bringing to an end the trend by outlawing polygamy. These developments dealt the church a major financial blow, and even denying women of their voting rights in Utah. Almost two decades later, an adherent of the ministry challenged the legality of anti-polygamy legislations on religious justifications; however, the Supreme Court maintained that the unconstitutionality of polygamy was beyond doubt, and that the various government agencies could work to limit religious rights and privileges of the adherents. The congressional decrees were largely effective in terminating polygamy. This forced the Church to abandon the clamor for polygamy practices on September 25, 1890. At the same time, Church President Wilford Woodruff made public a formal statement referred to as â€Å"the Manifesto† (Bradley, Saunders & William, 2005). In 1894, Congress approved the Utah Enabling Act, which allowed Utah to begin processes aimed at acquiring the position of statehood, based upon the government constitution providing for an irrevocable decree outlawing polygamy. United States Congress approved Utah statehood two years later, a development that led to the implementation of the state constitution, which permanently outlawed polygamy practices within its jurisdiction. Additionally, polygamy was also classified as a crime by decree. After â€Å"the Manifesto,† was made public, the religious group stopped polygamy practices and started to detach polygamists from its flock. Eventually, religious factions resented the new development leading to the formation of â€Å"Fundamentalists† groups (Groleau, 2008). Bradley, Saunders and William (2005) indicate fundamentalists backed away to remote communities in an attempt to shun what they believed to be mass maltreatment. Since then, the state authorities have car ried out episodic mass apprehending and questionings on communities practicing polygamy. For instance, mass apprehending was implemented in 1935, and during the end of World War II. Arizona on its part carried out the largest crackdown yet on the community in 1953 (Cole, 2011). Although, the infamous Short Creek Raid led to the apprehending and arraignment

Early Childhood Development Management Essay Example for Free

Early Childhood Development Management Essay Early Childhood Development (ECD) is a holistic, integrated, inclusive approach to Programming, research and policy for young children up to 6 years of age and requires a healthy, safe and nurturing environment that includes opportunities to support the emotional, social, physical, cognitive, and spiritual aspects of children within the context of their community. It welcomes their participation and empowers them as a basis for their future. (â€Å"National Economic Development and Law Center†). Today’s early childhood educators face management and strategic challenges in an increasingly turbulent environment; rapid growth demands increased managerial proficiency. In order to meet these critical challenges, agency leaders must develop entrepreneurial competencies and a firm understanding of core management theories and principles. At times, even the most successful organizations need to redefine business goals and create innovative strategies to excel at a new level. This paper will address the key issues of financial management in an ECD center. Financial management of a school entails School financial analysis and reports, finance policy and procedures, finance resources, school funding, High Yield Investment Accounts, worksheets, taxation and schools education and training funding. (Grossman and Keyes, 231). Finance resources and school funding From National Economic Development and Law Center For the market feasibility analysis for income generation, the financial administrator need to assess what works most effectively for a particular area and the families being targeted. An advertising budget is Set-aside with determination on how to get the most out. A strong market feasibility analysis for a facility development project would prove that there are enough resources. According to (name of first ECD center) there is market demand for child care at rates sufficient to generate revenues to cover not only operating expenses, but also debt service on any loans incurred to develop the facility. Financial feasibility analysis assesses key areas concern with the day care; mainly the number of other child care programs (both center and family based) that already exist in the community; The number of child care spaces already provided in the area; The vacancy rate of other programs in the area; The average cost of care got by contacting and visiting existing providers to find out about their vacancy rates and the kinds of services they offer; The length of current waiting lists that other market-area child care programs currently have; (For existing programs) the length of the business’ waiting list; Age groups that are being served (infants, toddlers, preschoolers, school-age, or a Combination) or that are NOT being served by other programs; Locations of existing child care businesses in your vicinity; The services your proposed business or expansion can provide that other child care providers are not offering, and Types of services offered by existing child care busine sses. (Name of the second center) School financial analysis and reports The administrator describes how the funds being requested will be used. These expenditures should also demonstrate that the center is a good investment, and it shows that the business is financially sound and well managed. The financial analysis section contains four components: Firstly the Summary of financial needs that briefly describes why funding is needed, the type of funding required, total amount needed, and how the funds will be used. Secondly is the A well-prepared development budget showing that the costs involved have been carefully considered including both the line item costs and the known or anticipated sources of funding. Thirdly is financial projections which are financial statements used to predict the future profitability of a business. Projections should be based on realistic research and reasonable assumptions. They include cash flow projections; income (incoming money from parent fees, vouchers, state subsidies, etc. ), and expense projections (health care, tuition or anticipated). Lastly, It is necessary to include financial statements that reflect the businesses past financial activities, a statement of financial position, and a cash flow statement. Previous financial statements or projected statements. (Brealey et al, 1996) Conclusion From Children research, ECD centers ought to be warm nurturing learning environment with trained caring staff, nutritious meals, in a central location of a community having a large safe outdoor play area. These are key areas that a financial administrator should ensure maximum financial support is given as the backbone to the center. (â€Å"Early Childhood Educational Issues†). References: Grossman B, Keyes C Early Childhood Administration, Michigan: Allyn and Bacon National Economic Development and Law Center (2003) Child Care Center Financial Planning and Facilities Development Manual 22nd April 2008 http://www. buildingchildcare. org/CCC%20Manual%20FINAL. pdf Brealey, Richard A. and Myers, Stewart C, Principles of Corporate Finance, New York: McGraw-Hill, (1996). â€Å"Early Childhood Educational Issues. † National Association for the Education of the Young Children. 22nd April 2008 http://www. naeyc. org/ece/. (Name of first ECD center). Personal interview. 22nd April 2008. (Name of the second center). Personal interview. 22nd April 2008.

Investigating Insomnia As A Form Of Sleep Disorder Psychology Essay

Investigating Insomnia As A Form Of Sleep Disorder Psychology Essay Sleep. Everyone spend a third of their lives doing that, but why? Logic says that the brain demands it. Everyone gives in to it, no matter how hard they try to resist. A lot of attempts have been made to understand sleep. But the problems of sleeping patterns are equally important too. Approximately a fifth of Americans complain about problems sleeping. The consequences of sleep disorders are dire. Twenty percent of all serious motor vehicles accidents are associated with driver sleepiness. Work productivity is reduced even more. These disorders might even damage relationships and hinder one from enjoying life to the fullest. In February 2009, a commuter jet on the way to Buffalo from Newark crashed, taking 50 lives with it. The National Transportation Safety Board concluded the cause of the crash is that the pilots performance was likely impaired due to fatigue. Harvards Charles Czeisler , who conducted a study on 2700 first-year medical residents, said that one in twenty first-year medical residents admits to making a fatigue-related mistake that resulted in death of a patient.Sleeping disorders is a serious problem that plagues the human race in many ways. They come in various forms, robbing the masses of a good-nights sleep. For example, night terrors a state of panic experienced while asleep- escalate during a childs preschool year. A person with night terror may suddenly sit up, looking terrified. They usually scream, sweat and might even swing their arms around at some imaginary attacker. Another example of sleeping disorder is sleep walking, which plagues about 20 percent of the population. Sleep walkers might seem harmless as they only walk around while they are asleep. But in some extreme cases, sleep walkers has been known to be extremely violent, even resulting in murder. Sleep apnea- the obstruction of a persons airway during sleep- is related to increased risk for stroke and heart attacks. It is also a big source of income for sleep center busine ss. Lastly, narcolepsy, a kind of sleep seizure, affects one in every two thousand person. Narcoleptics might fall asleep at any moment while engaging in daily activities such as driving and cooking. Imagine suddenly falling asleep while you are driving. These are only a few of the common sleeping disorders. Then, there is insomnia. Insomniacs are people who cant fall asleep, cant stay asleep, or get a good quality of sleep. Insomnia is related to a wide array of conditions. Some of them has restless legs syndrome (RLS) an intense discomfort in their limbs that prevents them from falling asleep. Narcoleptics have trouble with staying asleep and staying awake. Some women cant sleep well during their periods. Even exercising can induce insomnia. Some insomniacs cant sleep because they are worried about work, school or other things. In the recent economic crisis, one-third of Americans report that they have lost sleep. Excessive or lack of certain neurotransmitters is also known to cause insomnia. More than 30% of the population suffers from insomnia. It is a widespread sleeping disorder that is surprisingly underrated. Majority of medical school students has no more than four hours of training on sleeping disorders. The National Institutes of Health contributes roughly $230 million a year to sleep research around the same amount the famous manufacturers of sleeping pills Lunesta and Ambien spend in one season on television advertising in 2008. Maybe the reason for sleep deprivation is because that people have forgotten how to sleep. In ancient times, cavemen slept when its dark and woke up when the sun rises. They are biologically programmed to do so. During the day, they would forage and hunt. When the sunsets, darkness follows. The temperature would gradually decrease with the absence of the sun. Being warm-blooded mammals, they would seek out shelter to avoid the perils of the cold dark night. Besides that, they cant do much if they cant see well at night. So, they sleep. During winter months though, they may have broken up their sleep into chunks. People in developing countries still often sleep this way. Carol Worthman and Melissa Melby of Emory University published a comparative survey of how people sleep in different cultures. For example, they found that the boundaries of sleep and waking are very fluid among groups such as the !Kung and Efe. For the regular insomniacs of today though, it might just be that they ta ke sleep for granted. Normally, teenagers are biologically programmed to wake up late. But they are required to wake up early to attend school. Night-shift workers are fighting the circadian rhythm when they are sleeping in the morning. Many people might also party into the night, neglecting the ancient calling of slumber which enables their body to rest. In todays modern era, most people are neglecting the ancient rhythm of sleep. There are different ways to classify the types of insomnia. Insomniacs can be split into two different groups. There is the primary insomniac, which means a person whose insomnia is not directly related to any other health conditions. There is also secondary insomnia, which is caused by a specific medical condition. Besides that, insomnia can also be classified according to their severity. They are transient insomnia (which last for less than a week), acute insomnia (which last for less than a month and chronic insomnia (which last for more than a month). These are the common types of insomnia out there. Then, there is the special type of insomnias. Psychophysiological insomniacs are people who either cant sleep or cant stay asleep for no evident reason. These are the people that worry too much about sleep, which causes even more tension. When a normal person relaxes when its close to bedtime, psychophysiological insomniacs gradually become even more stressful. According to John Winkleman, medical director of the Brigham and Womens Hospitals Sleep Health Center in Brighton, Massachusetts, psychophysiological insomniacs makes up about 25 percent of people who goes to sleep clinics. Sleep deprivation causes them to be very exhausted during the day. They may try to stay awake by consuming caffeine, which will have adverse effects on their sleep quality at night. Normally, this type of insomnia can be treated with a two-way approach. Firstly, doctors might prescribe sleeping pills. Most of these pills enhance the activity of GABA (a neurotransmitter that regulates the overall excitabilit y of the nervous system). It might sound like a good way to deal with the problem, but these drugs can lead to psychological or physical addiction. Sleeping pills are not a natural way to sleep, says Charles Czeisler. These pills might even negatively affect ones sleep in the long run. The second way to treat psychophysiological insomniacs is by utilizing cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). A psychologist applying CBT would first condition your way of thinking which is the cognitive part- and then he or she would condition your actions which is the behavioral part. This form of psychotherapy tries to improve the patients current state of mind, affecting the patient to think that his or her problem is solvable, and to exercise good sleeping behaviors. For example, go to bed only when you are sleepy, do not sleep in a brightly-lit room, dont try too hard to sleep. A study by the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre (BIDMC) and Harvard Medical School has shown that CBT is more effect ive than sleeping pills in treating chronic on-set insomnia. So the good news is these insomniacs might just have to loosen up to get a good nights sleep. Moving on, there is a more extreme case of insomnia that can lead to death, the fatal familial insomnia (FFI). It is a rare genetic disease (known only in 40 families around the world), as its name suggest, that causes sleeplessness. Imagine that you are a patient with FFI. One day during your 50-year-old life, you suddenly cant sleep well through the night. Naps have become an impossible task. You desperately to shut your eyes and enter the sleeping state than your body yearned for so long. But inside your brain, the sun that keeps you awake will never set. When this disease strikes, it normally lasts about a year, and then, death. If you are really unlucky, you might slip into a coma, but you would still be fully awake and suffer the torture of sleeplessness until the day that your life fades away. Stanley Prusiner, a professor at the University of California, has found out that malformed protein called prions- can make the body consume itself. He concluded that these prions can c ause a rare type of degenerative brain disease. His brilliant experiment was the basis for researchers to study about FFI. Scientists have found out that prions attack the patients thalamus, which is a brain structure that is responsible for sleep. Before this, scientists do not even know that thalamus is related to sleep. Sadly, there is no way to stop this grim disease or even lighten its merciless symptoms. Like most things in life, it is still a mystery. In conclusion, the questions of sleep have intrigued scientists for a long time. The multitude of sleeping disorders out there that haunts the masses is worrying. No one can function well without a good nights sleep. That is why insomnia is a very terrible sleeping disorder to have. Causes of insomnia can range from petty little things like excessive worrying to malformed proteins that causes FFI. Insomniacs might even be the cause of the disorder themselves. Modern-style living has caused most people to neglect the circadian rhythm that evolution has bestowed upon them. Insomnias can be categorized into a few groups. For example, there is primary and secondary insomnia. Besides that, there are a few special types of insomnia out there. Psychophysiological insomniacs are people that worry too much about sleep to the point that they negatively affect their sleep. Bad as it seems, it is perfectly treatable. One could pop a sleeping pill, which would improve the activity of GABA. One co uld also try CBT, a form of psychotherapy that is better than sleeping pills. There are insomnias that tire you out, and then there are insomnias that can kill you. Fatal familial insomnia is a rare genetic disorder that affects only around 40 families world-wide. Firstly, one would lose the ability to nap, and then the ability to sleep well through the night disappears. Slowly but surely, one would completely lose the ability to sleep, and eventually, his or her life. Malformed proteins called prions are the main culprit of this disease. They attack the thalamus, the brain structure responsible for sleep. No one knows how to stop it or why it happens. It is still a big mystery. So, when you feel like your eyes cant stay open and your brain feel really drowsy, just fall asleep and appreciate that you are not troubled by any sleeping disorders. Men with chronic insomnia who also sleep less than six hours a night have a higher risk of early death than normal male sleepers who get more than six hours of shut-eye, a new study suggests. (Take National Geographic magazines sleep quiz.) Insomnia-difficulty falling or staying asleep-is the most common sleep disorder, affecting about 30 percent of people in the U.S., according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Chronic insomniacs are those who have had the disorder consistently for at least a year. After decades of mixed findings, the new report shows that insomnia is a serious disease with significant physical consequences, including mortality, said study leader Alexandros N. Vgontzas, director of Penn State Universitys Sleep Research Treatment Center in Hershey, Pennsylvania. Though the researchers didnt specifically study people who reported lack of sleep due to their lifestyle, Vgontzas emphasized that losing sleep for whatever reason is bad for your health. For instance, he has published previous results showing that curtailing sleep in young adults by two hours a night for just one week is linked to inflammation that may cause cardiovascular problems. A new study suggest that males suffering from chronic insomnia who sleeps less than six hours a night has a higher risk of early death than normal males that sleep more than six hours a day. After decades of research, study leader Alexandros N. Vgontzas, director of Penn State Universitys Sleep Research Treatment Center in Hershey, Pennsylvania says that insomnia is a serious disease with significant physical consequences, including mortality. These studies forever changes how we view insomnia, said Vipin Garg, director of the Sleep Disorders Center at Trinitas Regional Medical Center in Elizabeth, New Jersey. Vgontzas study has shown that chronic male insomniacs are four times more likely to die early even after taking into account other factors such as smoking and sleep apnea. But it was not the case with the women. These findings may be alarming, but there were a few weaknesses in the insomnia studys design, said Garg, of the Sleep Disorders Center. For example, the number of sub jects in the study was small. No one dies directly from insomnia, instead the disease slowly corrode a persons health, exposing them to other diseases. Causes of insomnia and ways to treat it are still poorly understood. From now on, doctors have to change their attitude towards this sleeping disorder.

Violence :: essays research papers

Violence General Purpose: To persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience that violence is on the increase. Central Idea: Violence should be viewed as a social problem for everyone in our society. Introduction I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Violence has increased in our schools. Within the last four years, thirty or more teachers and students have been killed. II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On April 20, 1999, Eric Harris (18) and Dylan Klebold (17) killed one teacher and twelve students and wounded twenty- three other individuals. Thomas Solomon (15) wounded six students in his high school. On March 24, 1998 Andrew Holden (11) and Mitchell Hogson (13) killed a total of five people and wounded ten in Westside Middle School. This information is all from Time Magazine’s May 31, 1999’s issue. There are many problems that cause violence. Drugs, gangs, guns, and television programs are all problems the students have that are linked to violence. Transition: lets us now view the problems with drugs. Body I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Substance abuse has been a probable cause of violence. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drug related incidents have increased in schools causing students to act violently toward each other. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Students are competing with each other trying to make more money by selling drugs. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If someone takes away someone’s customer, dealers will tend to fight against each other. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Students are also coming to school under the influence. Five percent of students in school attend counseling because they were caught under the influence during school hours. Transition: gangs also affect our students II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Membership in a gang causes violence. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Today, gangs exist in large urban and small suburban, public and private schools. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gangs encourage and reward violent acts. C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gangs are powerful and violence occurs over issues of status, reputation, and turf. They also offer guns to their members. Kids have access to hand guns in school, streets, and in their parents homes. Transition: television programs also cause violence. III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All children see violent acts committed on television programs, films, rock videos, news broadcasts, and cartoons. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many children imitate the violent they see on television. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A child who watches â€Å"The Power Rangers† will act violently since the characters are always fighting. C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the other hand, a child who watches â€Å"Barney and Friends† will not act violently since there is no fighting involved in the cartoon. D.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Children that view characters on television using violence acts to solve problems will use similar violent acts to solve their problems. Transition: in conclusion Conclusion I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Violence is viewed as a social problem for the law enforcement and court system. It should also be viewed as a social problem for teacher, parents, principals, counselors, coaches, and everyone else in our society.

Florence Nightingale :: Papers

Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale was born in 1820. She came from an upper class family that saw her future getting married and raising children. Florence had very different viewpoint, she believed that God wanted her to be a nurse. She fought the OPPOSITION from her parents and studied in Europe from 1849 and in Alexandria in 1850. By 1853, she was the Superintendent at the Institution for the Care of Sick Gentlewomen and she was very interested in the training of nurses. In March 1854 the Crimean War broke out. Telegraphic COMMUNICATIONS were used by war correspondents to broadcast stories back home to encourage people to have opinions on the war and take interest. Many horror stories emerged about the Barrack Hospital in Scutari, where the British wounded were being treated. Sidney Herbert, the Secretary of War and a personal friend of the Nightingale family, made an appeal to Florence to sort out the nursing care in Scutari. Despite the OPPOSITION from the military, Florence took 38 handpicked nurses to work in the hospital. She employed many new standards; privacy curtains, cleaning of sheets, food for patients and she even hired 200 builders to rebuild a ward block. In six months she had managed to reduce the death rate in the hospital from 42% to 2%. After two successful years in the Crimea, Florence returned to Britain with a mission. She appealed to the Queen, sent an 800 page report to the government and wrote a book, "Notes on Nursing" which explained all her methods. This became the standard textbook for generations. By 1860, it was a best seller! Florence had raised  £44,000 and she used this money to set up the Nightingale School of Nursing, in St. Thomas's Hospital, London. Discipline, order and attention to detail were prime factors in her teaching. She also wanted nurses to remain single so that they wouldn't have divided loyalties. She had turned down many offers of marriage. Of the 38 nurses she had taken to the Crimea, 24 were nuns, this was partly due to the fact that there was

Develop Positive Relationships with Children, Young People and Others Involved in their Care Essay

1. Explain why positive relationships with children and young people are important and how these are built and maintained Positive relationships with children are paramount as a child enjoys being with you and feels valued will respond better. They are more likely to enjoy both playing and learning and in turn are more likely to show signs of positive behaviour. Building a positive relationship with children begins with considering their own individual needs and adapting the way in which you work to meet them as effectively as possible. Each child should feel valued, nurtured and acknowledged although as a practitioner the way you go about this will vary according to each child’s personality and age. With babies for example, physical contact is important, while with slightly older children talking and playing, especially on a one-to-one basis with a key-worker, is a solid building block. Getting the parents involved from the very beginning with several visits so that the child can familiarize themselves with both the practitioner and the setting is key. Consistency is important. The child needs to be confident that they way in which you respond to them and their needs is consistent. Having a key-worker who is only there (whether literally or metaphorically) only half of the time is not going to inspire confidence in the child which in turn is going to affect their relationship with you. Observing, listening and responding to and respecting a child’s needs at whatever age is key; understanding that every child is an individual and will respond to different approaches needs to be considered at all times. 2. Demonstrate how to listen to and build relationships with children and young people 3. Evaluate own effectiveness in building relationships with children or young people. While there is always room for improvement, I feel that personally one of my biggest strengths is my relationship with the children in my care, in particular my key children. Feedback from parents has brought to mine and my colleagues attention that I have built up fantastic relationships. My children are happy to be dropped off on a morning and parents have informed me that their children regularly talk about me at home. By spending time with the children in groups and  individually I have learnt what each child needs and responds to. We have a mutual respect for one another and by going out of my way to settle the children when they initially started in the room laid down the foundations for building strong bonds which have lasted even after they have moved on upstairs. Outcome 2 Be able to build positive relationships with people involved in the care of children and young people The learner ca n: 1. Explain why positive relationships with people involved in the care of children and young people are important Because you are working together with the same goals in order to help the child, having a positive relationship with others you are working with is important. Your everyday colleagues and yourself should have strong working relationship as children are very intuitional and can pick up any tensions around them, effecting their behaviour and development. Working as a team to provide all the children in your care is an absolute must and it makes everything a lot easier for everyone (adult or child) if all involved have a strong relationship. If you and your colleagues have poor relationships, communication begins to break down and you may be working towards different outcomes which are both confusing and unproductive. It is equally important that any outside agencies involved in the care of a child, such as a Speech, Language and Communication Officer, is able to build up a good working relationship with yourself. Knowing the child best you need to be able to pass on any observations an d personal judgements to be able to give the agencies an idea of what needs to be done. You will be helping one another to work with the child the achieve their full potential and if not reading from the same hymn sheet so to say, you will be hindering as opposed to helping, holding the child back at best. Carers and parents are probably the most important people to build a relationship with, second only to the child themselves. A good relationship means that you can pass on information effectively. They are able to inform you of how the child has been outside of the setting; they can pass on any wishes, such as when to begin potty training, knowing that you will be working with them to achieve the goal; they are, most importantly, comfortable leaving their child in your care on a regular basis.

Birthday Letters Essay

In the three texts the characters that are presented as ‘new women’ are also presented with a downfall, those who are presented as traditional women are seen to survive and do well. Within the three texts, Dracula, A Street Car Named Desire and Birthday Letters, the authors present the female characters within certain ways which allow us as the audience to look closely at the battle of equality between men and women and the rise of feministic views. However the battle isn’t always apparent and some female characters allow themselves to be the inferior characters compared to the male characters who take on dominant roles within their relationships. Within the three texts a downfall of death is presented, this is always presented to those women who are presented as New Woman. Feminism – ‘is a movement for social, cultural, political and economic equality of men and women. It is a campaign against gender inequalities and it strives for equal rights for women. ‘1 Within the three texts we are presented with many female character types, A Street Car Named desire, allows its audience to compare and contrast its female characters. We are presented with Blanche who is on first appearances seen as a New woman ( A women of the late 19th century actively resisting traditional controls and seeking to fill a complete role in the world2) she lives by herself, has no male role controlling her life and makes her own decisions, however it isn’t too much later that we learn a different aspect of Blanche, she becomes a character that needs a man to keep a roof over her head and food in her mouth. We are easily able to compare Blanche with her sister Stella, who is a women that presents traditional roles however some times does challenge these, Stella lives with Stanley and allow him to control her life, he tells her what to do and she takes on stereotypically traditional roles within the house. However we do see some New Woman actions within Stella’s character such as when Stanley hurts her she runs away however this is then counter parted with Stella returning to Stanley. In the end it is Blanche that has the biggest downfall within the novel and we are left with the question of is this because she present’s a post- feministic woman? This question can also be placed when looking at Dracula, Lucy is presented to the audience as a very sexually aware female she is also shown to have less traditional views on marriage – ‘why cant they let a girl marry three men or as many as want her and save all this trouble’3, Lucy is also like Blanche presented with the biggest downfall within the novel, she is controlled by Dracula and even killed more than once. Sylvia Plath like Lucy and Blanche also are presented with death within the novel, Sylvia could be seen to have the biggest downfall of all three of the characters, it is not only physical but also a mental problem. Hughes talks of his and Sylvia Plath life journeys through his poetry and we come to understand the life style that they lived, Plath’s death is central to Hughes poetry and we are able to understand the kind of women Sylvia is, she is shown as a weak women who needed her husband by her side, when he fails to do so she becomes weaker and commits suicide. However we can see the power that Plath had on Hughes due to the high impact that Sylvia’s suicide had on his poetry – ‘Years after your death’4. Plath’s downfall doesn’t seem to be due to her position as a women it is presented within the opposite, she is a traditional women and this causes her problems. Dracula sees a downfall for its female characters in the way of death, Lucy is killed by a male character. Arthur Holmwood buries the stake deep in Lucy’s heart in order to kill the demon she has become and to return her to the state of purity and innocence he so values. The language with which Stoker describes this violent act is unmistakably sexual, and the stake is an unambiguous symbol for the penis. In this way, it is fitting that the blow comes from Lucy’s fianci , Arthur Holmwood. Lucy is not only being punished for being a vampire but also being available for seduction by Dracula himself, who we can recall has the power to only attack a willing victim. When Holmwood slays the demonic Lucy, he returns her to the role of a legitimate, monogamous lover, which reinvests his fianci e with her initial Victorian virtue, again degrading Lucy’s female role, needing a male character to take care of her to the end of her life. Lucy Westenra, is first presented to the audience as an out going, sexually aware, less traditional women. In many ways, Lucy is much like Mina Murry. She is a paragon of virtue and innocents, qualities that draw the attention of three men to her. However Lucy does differs from her friend in one key area, which makes her much of a New Women, Lucy is sexualised. Lucy’s physical beauty captures the attention of the three men, which is where she displays a comfort of playfulness about her desirability. This is displayed in an early letter to Mina when Lucy states ‘why can’t they let a girl marry three men, or as many as want her, and save her all this trouble’. This presents the idea that Lucy has troubles that she cannot and will not meet, going against the New Women model. Stoker presents this simple, small idea of Lucy’s instability to a huge volume when he describes the undead Lucy as a ‘creature’ of a ravenous sexual appetite. Lucy is presented as a dangerous threat to men and their self control, Lucy’s second death returns her to a harmless state presenting her again with purity, assuring the men that things are exactly how they are suppose to be. Lucy presents the idea of the ‘new woman’ to the reader, she is also represented as a creature when she is a vampire. Dracula succeeds in transforming Lucy and becomes a vampire vixen, Van Helsing’s men see no other option than to kill her, in order to return her to a purer, more socially respectable state. After Lucy’s transformation, the men keep a careful eye on Mina, worried they will lose yet another model of Victorian womanhood to the dark side. It is here seen that Lucy is a model female until she is turned into a vampire. Late in the novel, Dracula mocks Van Helsing’s crew, saying, â€Å"Your girls that you all love are mine already; and through them you and others shall yet be mine. † Here, the count voices a male fantasy that has existed since Adam and Eve were turned out of Eden – that women’s ungovernable desires leave men poised for a costly fall from grace. Women through out Dracula are shown as something that men own and something that can be used as a bargaining tool. Blanche like the female characters within Dracula is also presented as a object by Stanley when he attacks her, however when Blanche is with Mitch alone he treats her in a way that she expects as a New Woman ‘Can I-uh-kiss you-good night? ‘5 with dignity and respect, this isn’t however carried through out the whole novel. Blanche doesn’t accept males help through out the play and tries to hide the things that she has done before, this adds to her downfall which allows her to become more and more depressed and pushing towards her downfall. Which we can also assume this happens to Plath, Hughes talks of their past and their lives together, this allows us as the audience to know what events happened to add to Plath’s depression and her death. Looking at other sources we find out that ‘Ted Hughes, had left her for another woman’6which then pushes Plath to her suicide. This goes against the idea that the Downfall of woman is due to woman being post feminist woman. The three texts all see big punishment for its three leading ladies, this influences them in many ways and pushes them all towards their deaths. In the 1880’s and the 1890’s saw the publication of many studies in psychology and sexology. For example, Dr. Krafft-Ebing, a German sexologists †medico-legal study† Phychopahia Sexualis, documented hundreds of cases of divergent, ‘deviant’ sexuality, listing, cataloguing and typing each individual. Under ‘Sadism in Women,’ he describes case 42, a women’s who sexual history prefigures that of Stoker’s Lucy: ‘ A married man presented himself with numerous scars of cuts on his arms. He told their origins as follows: When he wishes to approach his wife, who was young and somewhat ‘nervous,’ he first had to make a cut in his arm. Then she would suck the wound, and during the act become violently excited sexually’. Most critics agree that Dracula is, as much as anything else, a novel that feeds on the Victorian male imagination, particularly concerning the topic of female sexuality. In Victorian England, women’s sexual behaviour was dictated by society’s extremely rigid expectations. A Victorian woman effectively had only two options either she was a virgin or she was a wife and mother. If she was neither of these, she was considered a whore. A women never had the right to choose which kind of life style she wanted to have, she was simply labeled if she didn’t conform, we can see this with Lucy when she must choose who she wants to marry she simple states that in her ideal world ‘Why can’t they let a girl marry three men, or as many as want her, and save all this trouble. ‘7 This is very degrading, Lucy, is stating that she wishes she didn’t have to make a choice and she wishes that her life was all laid out for her, however it could be argued that she wants this because of her personality rather than her fate. By the time Dracula lands in England and begins to work his evil magic on Lucy Westenra, we understand that the impending battle between good and evil will depend upon female sexuality, both Lucy and Mina are less like real people than two-dimensional embodiments of virtues that have, over the ages, been coded as female. Both women are chaste, pure, innocent of the world’s evils, and devoted to their men. But Dracula threatens to turn the two women into their opposites, into women noted for their voluptuousness-a word Stoker turns to again and again-and unapologetically open sexual desire. Blanche within A Street Car Named Desire is also presented as a sexual desire from Mitch and even Stanley. Mitch likes her not only for her looks but who she is ‘I like you to be exactly the way that you are8’ Mitch doesn’t think of Blanche in a sexual way until later on in the play. Blanche’s fear of death presents itself in the fear of her ageing and loosing her beauty. She refuses to tell anyone her own age ‘ why do you want to know’9 Blanche seems to believe that by continually asserting her sexuality towards men especially those who are younger, she will be able to avoid death and return to the world of teenage bliss that she experienced before her husband committed suicide. However, beginning in Scene One, Williams suggests that Blanche’s sexual history is in fact a cause of her downfall. When she first arrives at the Kowalskis’, Blanche says she rode a streetcar named Desire, then transferred to a streetcar named Cemeteries, which brought her to a street named Elysian Fields. This journey, the precursor to the play, allegorically represents the trajectory of Blanche’s life. The Elysian Fields are the land of the dead in Greek mythology. Blanche’s lifelong pursuit of her sexual desires has led to her eviction from Belle Reve, her ostracism from Laurel, and, at the end of the play, her expulsion from society at large. Sex and death are intricately and fatally linked within Blanche’s experiences through out the novel. In Scene One, Stanley throws a package of meat at his adoring Stella for her to catch. The action sends Eunice and the Negro woman into peals of laughter. Presumably, they’ve picked up on the sexual innuendo behind Stanley’s gesture. In hurling the meat at Stella, Stanley states the sexual proprietorship he holds over her. Stella’s delight in catching Stanley’s meat signifies her sexual infatuation with him. This also shows Stella in light of the new woman, however Stanley is the one initiating the sexual activity again pushing Stella back into her traditional role. Stella tries on many occasions pushing herself into the role of the new woman however Stanley always fails to allow her to do so. A Streetcar Named Desire presents a sharp critique of the way the institutions and attitudes of postwar America placed restrictions on women’s lives. Williams uses Blanche’s and Stella’s dependence on men to expose and critique the treatment of women during the transition from the old to the new South. Both Blanche and Stella see male companions as their only means to achieve happiness, and they depend on men for both their sustenance and their self-image. Blanche recognizes that Stella could be happier without her physically abusive husband, Stanley. Yet, the alternative Blanche proposes-contacting Shep Huntleigh for financial support-still involves complete dependence on men. When Stella chooses to remain with Stanley, she chooses to rely on, love, and believe in a man instead of her sister. Williams does not necessarily criticize Stella-he makes it quite clear that Stanley represents a much more secure future than Blanche does. Five: contextual information linking to the authors and the characters. The decade in which Stoker wrote and published Dracula was one of the unprecedented anxiety and uncertainty about the social roles, sexual nature and natural spheres of activity of men and women. As many women fought for a larger role in public life and a bigger challenge towards the traditions that define women as being, passive, domestic and naturally submissive, the debate opened to men and the males natural role. While Victorian feminists advanced on previous male preserves, crossing boarders and redefining categories, the more conservative press reacted by reiterating gender normalities, insisting that the essential differences between the sexes and their separate duties. Stoker deliberately located the gothic horror of Dracula in the late nineteenth century world of technological advances, gender instability and the rapid increase in conversation. Mina Travels with a portable typewriter which presents her with power and knowledge of a skill such as writing, which today we take for granted.